What is export control

Do journal restrictions on publications of certain biological agents affect the FRE? It depends. Fundamental research is basic and applied research where the results are ordinarily published and shared broadly within the research community.

To qualify for the Fundamental Research Exclusion, you must intend to publish the results. Also see question R above. You should consult with your local biosafety office and export control office. The shipping, receipt, and handling of such items may require import permits and licenses.

These offices can advise on licensing and any other handling requirements. How do I ship a controlled item or commodity out of the United States? The transfer of commodities and equipment is only controlled by the export regulations when the item is shipped out of the country. Licenses to ship an item outside the United States are required even when the item or equipment is used in or results from fundamental research.

If a commodity is controlled under ITAR, then a license is always required before it can be shipped to any country outside the United States, except in limited circumstances such as shipment to a military base overseas. Licenses are also required to import such items. Except for faculty involved in space-based research, in most cases the University is not fabricating or shipping ITAR-controlled items, since these are generally items specifically designed for military purposes.

For commodities controlled under EAR, whether a license is required depends upon the country to which the item is being shipped. Even in cases where license approval from the Department of Commerce is not required to ship the item to the country, there are administrative requirements and records that must be maintained regarding shipments of EAR-controlled items out of the United States; see 15 C. The local Export Control Officer can assist you in determining whether a specific license is required, in securing a license when needed, and in advising you on what records need to be maintained, both when a license is required for the export and when it is not.

Skip to Main Content. Ethics, Compliance and Audit Services. What is an "export"? How can I maintain a fundamental research environment? What is "technology" or "technical data"? What does "publicly available" mean?

What is the difference between source code and object code? Where can I find a list of export-controlled items? Back to top A. Back to top B. Back to top C. Back to top D. Back to top F. Such technology may become publicly available through three ways: Information that arises through fundamental research where the information is ordinarily published is considered to be publicly available. Information contained in a patent or published patent application.

Information that is published and generally accessible or available to the public 22 C. Back to top G. Back to top H. These sanctions vary in scope and may be based on a country, e. Back to top J. Back to top K. Back to top L. Why does the receiver need this item? What are the export controls and what do I need to check?

Commodity controls This regulates the goods being exported. Prohibited destinations Some countries may have embargoes or sanctions in place, which means you might not be able to ship goods there.

Learn more. Relevant topics. What is an export license? Reports and Reviews a. Annual Self-Classification b. Semi-Annual Sales Report c. Licenses a. When a license is required b. These laws are currently implemented by the following government offices: U. Return to top Purpose of Export Controls Laws and Regulations Export control laws and regulations have several purposes: to restrict exports of goods and technology that could contribute to the military potential of U.

Return to top Activities Subjected to Export Controls Transfers of controlled information, including technical data, to persons and entities outside the United States; Shipment of controlled physical items, such as scientific equipment, that require export licenses from the U.